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CONTENTS of entire timeline

CONTENTS of 59,999,999 BC- 51,000 BC Large land and aquatic mammals appear; many kinds of primates appear (almost as many go extinct); an island continent finally disappears for good; the Mediterranean valley turns into the Mediterranean Sea; human beings emerge, develop housing, clothes, lamps, and drugs, breed dogs, use horses; Mars dies (or goes dormant)

This page last updated on or about 10-31-05
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Approximately 600,000 BC: The last surface life on Mars (bacteria) may be dying

-- Pursuing Life on Two Frontiers: On Mars by R. Cowen, November 9, 1996, Science News Online, http://www.sciencenews.org

If complex Mars life is to continue, it must do so in underground grottoes isolated from the ever harsher conditions of the surface, and blessed with a more or less steady supply of liquid water. Small animals such as millipedes, centipedes, mutant scorpions (including an aquatic variety), leeches, spiders, springtails, pillbugs, and bristletails might conceiveably survive in such refuges for millions of years-- assuming they also enjoy a sufficient source of oxygen, and a platform of suitable lower lifeforms (microbes and fungi) to support them, such as will be found in similar locations on Earth during the 20th century.

Such eco-systems appear capable of developing in as little as 5.5 million years. Thus it would seem ample opportunities existed for Mars life to adapt as Mars' surface environment deteriorated.

-- Romanian cave contains novel ecosystem By ERIK SKINDRUD, June 29, 1996, Science News Online, http://www.sciencenews.org

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